When an asteroid is approaching earth it s called a near earth object neo which nasa monitors closely

When an asteroid is approaching Earth it’s called a Near Earth Object (NEO), which NASA monitors closely.

Astronomy enthusiasts and space agencies around the world keep a keen eye on the night sky, always on the lookout for celestial objects that may pose a potential threat to our planet. When an asteroid or a comet comes within a certain distance from Earth, it is categorized as a Near Earth Object (NEO). These NEOs are closely monitored by NASA, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, to better understand their characteristics and assess any potential risk they may pose to our planet.

NEOs can vary in size, from small boulders to massive objects several kilometers in diameter. Their origins can be traced back to the asteroid belt, a region located between Mars and Jupiter, where numerous rocky remnants from the early solar system reside. Occasionally, the gravitational influence of Jupiter’s immense mass or the collision between asteroids can alter their trajectory, sending them towards Earth.

NASA’s Near Earth Object Observations (NEOO) program plays a crucial role in detecting, tracking, and characterizing these NEOs. By utilizing ground-based telescopes and space-based observatories, such as the NEOWISE mission, NASA scientists identify and track these objects with utmost precision. In fact, their database contains information on over 25,000 NEOs, providing valuable insights into their size, composition, and potential threat level.

Aside from celestial surveillance, NASA is actively engaged in various research projects and space missions aimed at better understanding NEOs. For instance, the OSIRIS-REx mission successfully collected a sample from the asteroid Bennu in 2020. The sample will be brought back to Earth, enabling scientists to study its composition and gain insights into the early solar system’s formation.

NASA’s efforts in monitoring NEOs have not only enhanced our understanding of the universe but have also provided valuable knowledge for potential planetary defense strategies. Should a potentially hazardous asteroid be discovered, NASA is developing technologies and missions to divert or disrupt its trajectory. By studying NEOs, NASA aims to safeguard Earth and mitigate the potential risks associated with these celestial objects.

In conclusion, when an asteroid is on a course towards Earth, it is classified as a Near Earth Object (NEO). NASA’s vigilant monitoring and tracking of these NEOs through its NEOO program provide vital information to assess any risks these objects may pose. By studying their characteristics and origins, NASA aims to better comprehend the nature of our solar system and protect our planet from potential cosmic threats.

Source: NASA - Asteroids Overview