Hyenas are more closely related to cats than they are to dogs

Hyenas: More Like Cats than Dogs

Have you ever wondered about the mysterious and fascinating world of hyenas? These unique creatures have captured the imagination of humans for centuries. While many assume that hyenas are closer relatives to dogs due to their similar appearance and behavior, the truth might surprise you. Recent scientific research has revealed that hyenas are actually more closely related to cats than they are to dogs.

A closer look at the genetic makeup of hyenas reveals striking similarities between hyenas and cats. Both belong to the mammalian family Feliformia, which is composed of cat-like carnivores. This finding challenges the common perception that hyenas are caniforms, the group that includes dogs, bears, and weasels. In fact, hyenas share more genetic traits with cats, such as their retractable claws, than with dogs.

These fascinating creatures possess several physical and behavioral characteristics that align them with their feline relatives. One notable trait is the structure of their auditory apparatus, which closely resembles that of cats. This similarity allows hyenas to communicate using a wide range of vocalizations, comparable to a cat’s purring or meowing. Furthermore, both hyenas and cats possess a unique bone in their penis, known as the baculum, which is absent in dogs. These shared traits provide compelling evidence for the close evolutionary relationship between hyenas and cats.

The evolutionary origin of hyenas can be traced back to a common ancestor with cats, approximately 38 million years ago. Over time, these two distinct lineages diverged, leading to the formation of the hyena family, Hyaenidae. Nonetheless, hyenas and cats have maintained some essential commonalities, reinforcing their biological connection.

While hyenas may display some characteristics reminiscent of dogs, such as their sociability and pack behavior, these traits have evolved independently in both lineages. Hyenas have developed a unique social structure that differs from both dogs and cats. They live in hierarchical groups led by dominant females, and their social interactions are more reminiscent of a feline society.

Although hyenas and cats share common ancestry, it is crucial to recognize the uniqueness of each species. Hyenas have developed their own ecological niche and display distinctive hunting techniques and adaptive behaviors. Their cooperation and endurance during group hunts set them apart and make them a formidable force in the African savannah.

In conclusion, the idea that hyenas are more closely related to cats than dogs may come as a surprise to many. However, recent scientific discoveries and genetic analysis have shed light on the true evolutionary history of these captivating creatures. The genetic similarities, shared characteristics, and unique adaptations provide compelling evidence for the close relationship between hyenas and cats. So, the next time you encounter a hyena, remember, they may resemble dogs, but they are truly more like cats.

References:
Hyenas Project